{ "schema_version": "1.1.0", "methodology_version": "2026-08-15.2", "updated_at": "2026-08-15", "coverage": { "jurisdictions_reviewed": 14, "jurisdictions_total": 14, "note": "Representative seed dataset. Every federal, provincial and territorial jurisdiction contains at least one verified example; this is not a census of Canadian legislation." }, "records": [ { "id": "ca-coia-66", "jurisdiction": "Federal", "year": 2006, "instrument": "Conflict of Interest Act", "provision": "s. 66", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["privative"], "protected_actor": "Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner", "effect": "Orders and decisions are final; judicial review is limited to three grounds listed in the Federal Courts Act.", "review_route": "Federal Courts Act, s. 18.1(4)(a), (b) or (e)", "score": 4, "sources": [ {"label": "Justice Laws — enacted text", "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-36.65/section-66.html"}, {"label": "Supreme Court docket 41576", "url": "https://www.scc-csc.ca/cases-dossiers/search-recherche/41576/"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "ab-reda-56", "jurisdiction": "Alberta", "year": 2012, "instrument": "Responsible Energy Development Act", "provision": "ss. 45, 56", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["privative", "limited_appeal"], "protected_actor": "Alberta Energy Regulator", "effect": "Regulator decisions are final and judicial review is barred, subject to specified statutory routes including a leave-based appeal on jurisdiction or law.", "review_route": "Court of Appeal, with permission, on jurisdiction or law", "score": 4, "sources": [ {"label": "Supreme Court case record 41874", "url": "https://www.scc-csc.ca/cases-dossiers/search-recherche/41874/"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "sk-bill-137", "jurisdiction": "Saskatchewan", "year": 2023, "instrument": "Education (Parents’ Bill of Rights) Amendment Act, 2023", "provision": "Bill 137", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["constitutional_override"], "protected_actor": "Legislative policy enacted under The Education Act, 1995", "effect": "Expressly invokes section 33 in relation to specified Charter protections.", "review_route": "Review remains available outside the rights covered by the declaration and for formal validity of the declaration.", "score": 5, "sources": [ {"label": "Legislative Assembly — enacted bill", "url": "https://docs.legassembly.sk.ca/legdocs/Bills/29L3S/Bill29-137.pdf"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "qc-professional-code-193-195", "jurisdiction": "Quebec", "year": 1973, "instrument": "Professional Code", "provision": "ss. 193–195", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity", "remedy_restriction", "privative"], "protected_actor": "Specified professional-order and disciplinary actors", "effect": "Good-faith immunity is combined with restrictions on extraordinary remedies and superior-court supervision, subject to stated exceptions.", "review_route": "Exceptions and routes stated in ss. 194–195", "score": 5, "sources": [ {"label": "Légis Québec — consolidated Code", "url": "https://www.legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/document/cs/C-26"}, {"label": "Supreme Court — Crevier", "url": "https://decisions.scc-csc.ca/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/2525/index.do"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "on-keeping-students-class", "jurisdiction": "Ontario", "year": 2022, "instrument": "Keeping Students in Class Act, 2022", "provision": "ss. 13–15", "status": "repealed_deemed_never_in_force", "mechanisms": ["constitutional_override", "remedy_restriction"], "protected_actor": "Provincial labour and education policy", "effect": "Combined a section 33 declaration with restrictions on proceedings and remedies.", "review_route": "Repealed by S.O. 2022, c. 20 and deemed never to have been in force", "score": 5, "sources": [ {"label": "Legislative Assembly — Bill 28", "url": "https://www.ola.org/en/legislative-business/bills/parliament-43/session-1/bill-28"}, {"label": "Legislative Assembly — repeal Act", "url": "https://www.ola.org/en/legislative-business/bills/parliament-43/session-1/bill-35"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "bc-missing-persons-23", "jurisdiction": "British Columbia", "year": 2014, "instrument": "Missing Persons Act", "provision": "s. 23", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "Police-service members and other persons acting under the Act", "effect": "Bars actions and proceedings for acts or omissions done in good faith under the Act.", "review_route": "The provision limits civil liability; it does not state a bar on judicial review of statutory decisions.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "BC Laws — consolidated Act", "url": "https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/14002_01"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "mb-public-interest-disclosure-35", "jurisdiction": "Manitoba", "year": 2006, "instrument": "The Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act", "provision": "s. 35", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "Supervisors, designated officers, chief executives, the Ombudsman and persons acting for them", "effect": "Bars proceedings concerning statutory acts, omissions or neglect unless the protected person acted in bad faith.", "review_route": "Bad-faith conduct falls outside the protection; the provision does not state a bar on judicial review.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "Manitoba Laws — consolidated Act", "url": "https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/p217e.php"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "nb-child-youth-wellbeing-147", "jurisdiction": "New Brunswick", "year": 2022, "instrument": "Child and Youth Well-Being Act", "provision": "s. 147", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "Persons acting under the authority of the Act", "effect": "Bars proceedings for acts or omissions done in good faith while exercising or intending to exercise statutory powers or duties.", "review_route": "The protection is conditioned on good faith and does not state a bar on judicial review.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "New Brunswick Laws — consolidated Act", "url": "https://laws.gnb.ca/en/document/cs/2022%2C%20c.35"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "nl-house-assembly-51", "jurisdiction": "Newfoundland and Labrador", "year": 1993, "instrument": "House of Assembly Act", "provision": "s. 51", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "Commissioner for Legislative Standards", "effect": "Bars actions concerning advice, certificates, opinions or reports made within the Commissioner's statutory authority.", "review_route": "The related non-compellability rule preserves an exception for questions about whether the Commissioner acted within statutory authority.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "House of Assembly — consolidated Act", "url": "https://www.assembly.nl.ca/Legislation/sr/statutes/h10.htm"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "ns-more-access-energy-34", "jurisdiction": "Nova Scotia", "year": 2024, "instrument": "More Access to Energy Act", "provision": "s. 34", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "Directors, officers, employees, agents and committee members of the IESO", "effect": "Bars civil proceedings for good-faith performance of statutory and market-rule powers and duties, while preserving the IESO's own potential liability.", "review_route": "The IESO is not relieved of liability; the provision does not state a bar on judicial review.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "Nova Scotia Legislature — consolidated Act", "url": "https://nslegislature.ca/sites/default/files/legc/statutes/more%20access%20to%20energy.pdf"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "pe-conflict-interest-35", "jurisdiction": "Prince Edward Island", "year": 2021, "instrument": "Conflict of Interest Act", "provision": "s. 35", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "The Commissioner, former Commissioners, staff and good-faith participants", "effect": "Bars actions for good-faith work under the Act and separately protects people who provide information or evidence in good faith.", "review_route": "The protection is conditioned on good faith and does not state a bar on judicial review.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "Prince Edward Island — consolidated Act", "url": "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/c-17-1-conflict_of_interest_act.pdf"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "yt-residential-tenancies-98", "jurisdiction": "Yukon", "year": 2012, "instrument": "Residential Landlord and Tenant Act", "provision": "s. 98", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "The director, delegates, sheriffs and other persons administering the Act", "effect": "Bars damages proceedings for good-faith performance or intended performance of duties and powers under the Act.", "review_route": "Section 97 expressly contemplates production of the dispute-resolution record on judicial review.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "Yukon Laws — consolidated Act", "url": "https://laws.yukon.ca/cms/images/LEGISLATION/acts/rlta.pdf"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "nt-corrections-58", "jurisdiction": "Northwest Territories", "year": 2019, "instrument": "Corrections Act", "provision": "s. 58", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "The Minister, authorized persons, community advisory boards and specified corrections actors", "effect": "Bars actions for acts or omissions done in good faith while carrying out statutory powers or duties.", "review_route": "The protection is conditioned on good faith and does not state a bar on judicial review.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "Northwest Territories Justice — consolidated Act", "url": "https://www.justice.gov.nt.ca/en/files/legislation/corrections/corrections.a.pdf"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "id": "nu-atipp-54", "jurisdiction": "Nunavut", "year": 2005, "instrument": "Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act", "provision": "s. 54", "status": "in_force", "mechanisms": ["liability_immunity"], "protected_actor": "Government of Nunavut, public bodies, heads, officers and employees", "effect": "Bars actions concerning good-faith disclosure or withholding of information and certain failures to give notice where reasonable care was taken.", "review_route": "The Act retains review by the Information and Privacy Commissioner; the provision addresses liability rather than review jurisdiction.", "score": 2, "sources": [ {"label": "Nunavut Legislation — official consolidation", "url": "https://www.nunavutlegislation.ca/iu/file-download/download/public/8036"} ], "checked_at": "2026-08-15" } ] }